火星探査飛行ロボットのための堅牢な単眼視覚オドメトリ
Towards Robust Monocular Visual Odometry for Flying Robots on Planetary Missions
火星のような反復テクスチャ環境でも動作する単眼視覚オドメトリを提案。効率的なオプティカルフロー追跡と改良キーフレーム選択で回転のみの運動にも対応し、スケールドリフトのリスクを主成分分析で推定する。
著者: Martin Wudenka, Marcus G. Müller, Nikolaus Demmel, Armin Wedler, Rudolph Triebel, Daniel Cremers, Wolfgang Stürzl
分類: cs.RO, cs.CV
原文アブストラクト
In the future, extraterrestrial expeditions will not only be conducted by rovers but also by flying robots. The technical demonstration drone Ingenuity, that just landed on Mars, will mark the beginning of a new era of exploration unhindered by terrain traversability. Robust self-localization is crucial for that. Cameras that are lightweight, cheap and information-rich sensors are already used to estimate the ego-motion of vehicles. However, methods proven to work in man-made environments cannot simply be deployed on other planets. The highly repetitive textures present in the wastelands of Mars pose a huge challenge to descriptor matching based approaches. In this paper, we present an advanced robust monocular odometry algorithm that uses efficient optical flow tracking to obtain feature correspondences between images and a refined keyframe selection criterion. In contrast to most other approaches, our framework can also handle rotation-only motions that are particularly challenging for monocular odometry systems. Furthermore, we present a novel approach to estimate the current risk of scale drift based on a principal component analysis of the relative translation information matrix. This way we obtain an implicit measure of uncertainty. We evaluate the validity of our approach on all sequences of a challenging real-world dataset captured in a Mars-like environment and show that it outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
