安全クリティカルな運転シナリオ生成のサーベイ：方法論的視点
A Survey on Safety-Critical Driving Scenario Generation -- A Methodological Perspective
自動運転の安全評価に不可欠な危険シナリオの自動生成手法を、データ駆動・敵対的・知識ベースの3分類で整理し、ツールや課題を展望したサーベイ。
著者: Wenhao Ding, Chejian Xu, Mansur Arief, Haohong Lin, Bo Li, Ding Zhao
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Autonomous driving systems have witnessed a significant development during the past years thanks to the advance in machine learning-enabled sensing and decision-making algorithms. One critical challenge for their massive deployment in the real world is their safety evaluation. Most existing driving systems are still trained and evaluated on naturalistic scenarios collected from daily life or heuristically-generated adversarial ones. However, the large population of cars, in general, leads to an extremely low collision rate, indicating that the safety-critical scenarios are rare in the collected real-world data. Thus, methods to artificially generate scenarios become crucial to measure the risk and reduce the cost. In this survey, we focus on the algorithms of safety-critical scenario generation in autonomous driving. We first provide a comprehensive taxonomy of existing algorithms by dividing them into three categories: data-driven generation, adversarial generation, and knowledge-based generation. Then, we discuss useful tools for scenario generation, including simulation platforms and packages. Finally, we extend our discussion to five main challenges of current works -- fidelity, efficiency, diversity, transferability, controllability -- and research opportunities lighted up by these challenges.
