微分可能シミュレーションを用いた線形時相論理による学習の加速
Accelerated Learning with Linear Temporal Logic using Differentiable Simulation
線形時相論理(LTL)と微分可能シミュレータを統合し、形式仕様から直接勾配ベースで学習できる初のエンドツーエンド枠組みを提案。接触の多い連続制御タスクで学習を大幅に加速し、離散ベースラインの最大2倍のリターンを達成した。
詳しい要約
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著者: Alper Kamil Bozkurt, Calin Belta, Ming C. Lin
分類: cs.LG, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Ensuring that reinforcement learning (RL) controllers satisfy safety and reliability constraints in real-world settings remains challenging: state-avoidance and constrained Markov decision processes often fail to capture trajectory-level requirements or induce overly conservative behavior. Formal specification languages such as linear temporal logic (LTL) offer correct-by-construction objectives, yet their rewards are typically sparse, and heuristic shaping can undermine correctness. We introduce, to our knowledge, the first end-to-end framework that integrates LTL with differentiable simulators, enabling efficient gradient-based learning directly from formal specifications. Our method relaxes discrete automaton transitions via soft labeling of states, yielding differentiable rewards and state representations that mitigate the sparsity issue intrinsic to LTL while preserving objective soundness. We provide theoretical guarantees connecting B\"uchi acceptance to both discrete and differentiable LTL returns and derive a tunable bound on their discrepancy in deterministic and stochastic settings. Empirically, across complex, nonlinear, contact-rich continuous-control tasks, our approach substantially accelerates training and achieves up to twice the returns of discrete baselines. We further demonstrate compatibility with reward machines, thereby covering co-safe LTL and LTL$_\text{f}$ without modification. By rendering automaton-based rewards differentiable, our work bridges formal methods and deep RL, enabling safe, specification-driven learning in continuous domains.
