一階モデル予測制御による高高度気球の定点保持
High-Altitude Balloon Station-Keeping with First Order Model Predictive Control
高高度気球の定点保持に、JAXで微分可能な力学モデルを用いた一階モデル予測制御を適用し、強化学習方策を上回る性能を達成した。
詳しい要約
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著者: Myles Pasetsky, Jiawei Lin, Bradley Guo, Sarah Dean
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
High-altitude balloons (HABs) are common in scientific research due to their wide range of applications and low cost. Because of their nonlinear, underactuated dynamics and the partial observability of wind fields, prior work has largely relied on model-free reinforcement learning (RL) methods to design near-optimal control schemes for station-keeping. These methods often compare only against hand-crafted heuristics, dismissing model-based approaches as impractical given the system complexity and uncertain wind forecasts. We revisit this assumption about the efficacy of model-based control for station-keeping by developing First-Order Model Predictive Control (FOMPC). By implementing the wind and balloon dynamics as differentiable functions in JAX, we enable gradient-based trajectory optimization for online planning. FOMPC outperforms a state-of-the-art RL policy, achieving a 24% improvement in time-within-radius (TWR) without requiring offline training, though at the cost of greater online computation per control step. Through systematic ablations of modeling assumptions and control factors, we show that online planning is effective across many configurations, including under simplified wind and dynamics models.
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