低速・高速ダイナミクス系に対するマルチタイムスケールモデル予測制御
Multi-Timescale Model Predictive Control for Slow-Fast Systems
高速・低速のダイナミクスが混在するシステムに対し、予測ホライズンに沿ってモデルを簡略化・積分刻みを拡大するマルチタイムスケールMPCを提案し、ロボット制御問題で最大10倍の高速化を実現した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
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著者: Lukas Schroth, Daniel Morton, Amon Lahr, Daniele Gammelli, Andrea Carron, Marco Pavone
分類: eess.SY, cs.RO, cs.SY
原文アブストラクト
Model Predictive Control (MPC) has established itself as the primary methodology for constrained control, enabling autonomy across diverse applications. While model fidelity is crucial in MPC, solving the corresponding optimization problem in real time remains challenging when combining long horizons with high-fidelity models that capture both short-term dynamics and long-term behavior. Motivated by results on the Exponential Decay of Sensitivities (EDS), which imply that, under certain conditions, the influence of modeling inaccuracies decreases exponentially along the prediction horizon, this paper proposes a multi-timescale MPC scheme for fast-sampled control. Tailored to systems with both fast and slow dynamics, the proposed approach improves computational efficiency by i) switching to a reduced model that captures only the slow, dominant dynamics and ii) exponentially increasing integration step sizes to progressively reduce model detail along the horizon. We evaluate the method on three practically motivated robotic control problems in simulation and observe speed-ups of up to an order of magnitude.
