Vision-language-actionモデルの実用性を再考する：包括的ベンチマークと改良ベースライン
Rethinking the Practicality of Vision-language-action Model: A Comprehensive Benchmark and An Improved Baseline
VLAモデルの実用性を評価する新ベンチマークCEBenchを提案し、その知見に基づき軽量で実用的なLLaVA-VLAを開発した。
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著者: Wenxuan Song, Jiayi Chen, Xiaoquan Sun, Huashuo Lei, Yikai Qin, Wei Zhao, Pengxiang Ding, Han Zhao, Tongxin Wang, Pengxu Hou, Zhide Zhong, Haodong Yan, Donglin Wang, Jun Ma, Haoang Li
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a generalist robotic agent. However, existing VLAs are hindered by excessive parameter scales, prohibitive pre-training requirements, and limited applicability to diverse embodiments. To improve the practicality of VLAs, we propose a comprehensive benchmark and an improved baseline. First, we propose CEBench, a new benchmark spanning diverse embodiments in both simulation and the real world with consideration of domain randomization. We collect 14.4k simulated trajectories and 1.6k real-world expert-curated trajectories to support training on CEBench. Second, using CEBench as our testbed, we study three critical aspects of VLAs' practicality and offer several key findings. Informed by these findings, we introduce LLaVA-VLA, a lightweight yet powerful VLA designed for practical deployment on consumer-grade GPUs. Architecturally, it integrates a compact VLM backbone with multi-view perception, proprioceptive tokenization, and action chunking. To eliminate reliance on costly pre-training, LLaVA-VLA adopts a two-stage training paradigm including post-training and fine-tuning. Furthermore, LLaVA-VLA extends the action space to unify navigation and manipulation. Experiments across embodiments demonstrate the capabilities of generalization and versatility of LLaVA-VLA , while real-world mobile manipulation experiments establish it as the first end-to-end VLA model for mobile manipulation. We will open-source all datasets, codes, and checkpoints upon acceptance to foster reproducibility and future research.
