過去を目覚めさせる:流体後流効果をロボットにモデル化するための記憶の利用
Wake Up to the Past: Using Memory to Model Fluid Wake Effects on Robots
マルチコプターや魚雷など、媒体を撹乱して移動するロボットが生み出す後流効果が隣接ロボットに及ぼす影響を、過去の状態履歴と輸送遅延を考慮したデータ駆動モデルで正確に予測する手法を提案・検証した。
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著者: Luca Vendruscolo, Eduardo Sebastián, Amanda Prorok, Ajay Shankar
分類: cs.RO, cs.LG, cs.MA
原文アブストラクト
Autonomous aerial and aquatic robots that attain mobility by perturbing their medium, such as multicopters and torpedoes, produce wake effects that act as disturbances for adjacent robots. Wake effects are hard to model and predict due to the chaotic spatio-temporal dynamics of the fluid, entangled with the physical geometry of the robots and their complex motion patterns. Data-driven approaches using neural networks typically learn a memory-less function that maps the current states of the two robots to a force observed by the "sufferer" robot. Such models often perform poorly in agile scenarios: since the wake effect has a finite propagation time, the disturbance observed by a sufferer robot is some function of relative states in the past. In this work, we present an empirical study of the properties a wake-effect predictor must satisfy to accurately model the interactions between two robots mediated by a fluid. We explore seven data-driven models designed to capture the spatio-temporal evolution of fluid wake effects in four different media. This allows us to introspect the models and analyze the reasons why certain features enable improved accuracy in prediction across predictors and fluids. As experimental validation, we develop a planar rectilinear gantry for two spinning monocopters to test in real-world data with feedback control. The conclusion is that support of history of previous states as input and transport delay prediction substantially helps to learn an accurate wake-effect predictor.
