Afford-VLA: 内在化されたアフォーダンスによる行動整合的な視覚プランニング
Afford-VLA: Action-Aligned Visual Planning via Internalized Affordance
VLAモデルにタスク条件付きアフォーダンスを内部生成・利用する視覚プランニング機構を導入し、行動予測と密結合させることで操作性能を向上させた。
詳しい要約
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著者: Runze Wang, Yuqian Fu, Yu Li, Tao Lin, Tianwen Qian, Mohamed Elhoseiny, Bo Zhao, Yanwei Fu, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiangyang Xue
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for generalist robot manipulation, yet they remain limited by insufficient spatial reasoning, particularly in determining where to interact in complex visual scenes. While recent efforts introduce various forms of visual planning to address this issue, existing approaches either rely on global geometric cues, symbolic intermediate representations, or externally generated visual signals, which are often weakly coupled with downstream action prediction. In this work, we revisit visual planning in VLA systems and argue that effective planning should be local, visually grounded, internally generated, and directly aligned with action. Based on this insight, we propose Afford-VLA, a unified framework that internalizes task-conditioned affordance as an explicit visual planning interface within VLA models. Concretely, we introduce learnable <AFF> tokens to query task-relevant interaction regions, decode affordance masks from multimodal features, and convert them into compact embeddings that directly condition action generation. This design enables affordance to be both generated and utilized within the VLA, forming a tightly coupled perception-action pathway. To further support this integration, we adopt a training strategy that allows the affordance pathway to be jointly optimized with action prediction, improving its effectiveness for downstream control. We evaluate our method on multiple simulation benchmarks, including LIBERO, LIBERO-Plus, and SimplerEnv, achieving consistent state-of-the-art performance, along with strong real-world results. These findings demonstrate that internalizing affordance as action-aligned visual planning provides a powerful paradigm for improving VLA systems.
