ExoTraj: 複雑な環境のための汎用下肢外骨格支援ポリシー
ExoTraj: A General Lower-limb Exoskeleton Assistance Policy for Complex Environments
動的な外骨格シナリオでの適応トルク予測には高価なモーションキャプチャが必要だが、複雑な屋外環境では実現不可能。本論文では、フローマッチングによる軌道予測とモデル予測制御を統合したExoTrajを提案し、複雑な屋外環境での適応支援を実現する。
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著者: Xiao-Yin Liu, Guotao Li, Long Sun, Xu Liang, Zeng-Guang Hou
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Adaptive torque prediction in dynamic exoskeleton scenarios requires expensive motion capture systems, which are infeasible in complex outdoor environments. Trajectory prediction has emerged as one of the effective approaches to address such an issue. However, the core challenges of exoskeleton trajectory prediction are twofold: establishing the mapping from multi-modal features to trajectory information; constructing the mapping from trajectory to torque. For the former, most existing methods perform only single-step prediction and neglect inter-subject trajectory variability, thereby limiting the trajectory optimization space and prediction generalization. To address this, this paper proposes a fast flow matching method that enables accurate trajectory prediction and better generalization for real-time performance, where trajectory generation errors and encoded observations are used to guide the training direction. For the second challenge, due to the high dynamics of the human-robot system and the strong coupling between perception and control, simple control methods struggle to achieve efficient assistance based on the predicted trajectory. This paper utilizes model predictive control and designs a novel optimization objective to optimize torque, ensuring the exoskeleton achieves comfortable and robust assistance. By integrating the above two components, the unified policy, denoted as ExoTraj, is developed to enable adaptive assistance in complex outdoor scenarios without high data acquisition cost. Experimental results show that compared to traditional methods, ExoTraj reduces cross-subject prediction error by 14.0% during the online phase and maintains robustness against external noise. Relative to the zero torque condition, ExoTraj decreases metabolic rate by 11.5-24.4%, heart rate by 1.7-19.5%, and peak muscle activation levels by 10.9-41.3%, respectively.
