階層的アドバンテージ重み付けによるスパースなエピソード結果からのVLAオンラインRL微調整
Hierarchical Advantage Weighting for Online RL Fine-Tuning of VLAs from Sparse Episode Outcomes
事前学習済みVLAポリシーをオンライン強化学習で微調整する際、エピソードごとの成功/失敗のみのスパースな報酬を、生存性と効率性の2つの目的に分離し、状態適応的に重み付けして遷移レベルの学習信号を生成する手法を提案した。
詳しい要約
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著者: Tongyan Fang, Siyuan Huang, Naiyu Fang, Ganlong Zhao, Zhongjin Luo, Jianbo Liu, Xiaogang Wang, Ying Dong, Hongsheng Li
分類: cs.RO, cs.LG
原文アブストラクト
When pretrained VLA policies are fine-tuned through online RL, each rollout episode produces only a single binary outcome (success or failure), yet the actor update requires per-transition supervision. Existing approaches commonly reduce this sparse outcome to a single scalar reward or advantage signal, which conflates distinct forms of transition-level feedback and provides limited guidance once basic task success becomes achievable. First, a single scalar signal conflates the two objectives of viability and efficiency; once basic success is achieved, the binary label provides no gradient to distinguish efficient completions from slow ones. Second, real-world rollouts mix autonomous and intervention segments; naively assigning episode outcomes across these boundaries introduces incorrect credit assignment. To address these issues, we propose Hierarchical Advantage-Weighted Behavior Cloning (HABC), which trains separate critic heads for these two objectives on different data subsets and combines their outputs with a state-adaptive balance. A state-adaptive gate $g_t$ merges their one-step advantages, prioritizing viability when success is uncertain and shifting to efficiency only when viability is high, and converts the result into per-transition weights on the actor loss. Intervention-aware credit assignment further restricts outcome labels to segments executed by the current policy, preventing supervision from leaking across intervention boundaries. In real-robot experiments on three contact-rich bimanual tasks, HABC raises success from supervised fine-tuning (SFT) baselines of 36%, 44%, and 12% to 92%, 88%, and 38%.
