物理に基づく生成ポリシーの接地:ロボット制御のための最適化誘導拡散
Grounding Generative Policies in Physics: Optimization-Guided Diffusion for Robot Control
拡散モデルによるタスク空間の動作生成に、推論時に最適化ベースのガイダンスを組み込み、物理的実現可能性(到達可能性、衝突回避、追従可能性)を満たすようにする手法を提案。再学習不要で、把持成功率や操作成功率を最大20ポイント以上向上させた。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
3. 技術・手法の肝は?
4. どうやって有効だと検証した?
5. 議論はある?
6. 次に読むべき論文は?
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著者: Sabrina Bodmer, René Zurbrügg, Tifanny Portela, Hao Ma, Alexandre Didier, Marco Hutter, Colin Jones, Melanie Zeilinger
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Diffusion models sample effectively from high-dimensional, multimodal distributions, but their outputs may violate deployment constraints. For task-space robot policies, generated grasps, waypoints, or trajectories can be distributionally valid yet infeasible, violating reachability, collision-avoidance, or closed-loop executability requirements. This embodiment gap limits zero-shot deployment across robots, even when the task-space behavior itself is transferable. We propose an inference-time optimization framework that couples the behavior generation to physical feasibility by formulating diffusion guidance as a constrained optimization problem. Our key insight is to replace the sampling perturbation in the backward process with an optimized correction, allowing hard constraints or soft penalties to be imposed during sampling without the need to retrain the diffusion model, while keeping samples close to the learned prior. We evaluate the method on dexterous grasp synthesis with reachability and collision-avoidance constraints, and dynamic manipulation with controller-level trackability constraints. Across settings and robot embodiments, optimization-guided denoising matches the feasibility of projection- and gradient-guidance baselines while better preserving grasp quality, and improving controller-level executability and task success, with task success improving by up to 20pp. on dexterous grasping and 23pp. on visuomotor manipulation over the best baseline.
