視覚言語行動モデルにおけるパラメータ冗長性の再考：VLMからVLAへの適応からの洞察
Revisiting Parameter Redundancy in Vision-Language-Action Models: Insights from VLM-to-VLA Adaptation
VLAモデルのパラメータ削減時に性能劣化が不可避とされる従来の見解に疑問を呈し、適応時のパラメータ変化の空間分布を解析し、モジュールごとの重要度に基づくマルチモジュール同時刈り込み手法を提案した。
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著者: Fengnian Zhang, Tao Huang, Siyu Xu, Zhong Jin, Chang Xu
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have made significant strides in embodied intelligence by integrating the powerful representations of pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, the massive parameter scale of VLAs imposes a heavy computational burden, and these models exhibit extreme sensitivity to parameter pruning. Current paradigms often treat the resulting performance degradation as inevitable, relying on fine-tuning or low-rank corrections to recover efficacy. We challenge this convention by questioning whether the removed parameters are truly redundant if VLA pruning necessitates performance recovery to be effective, or if this paradigm masks the indiscriminate pruning of critical parameters. We revisit parameter redundancy through the lens of VLM-to-VLA adaptation, first quantifying the spatial distribution of parameter divergence during adaptation to reveal structured patterns across different modules. Subsequently, we introduce controlled pruning as a diagnostic probe: by comparing the direct impact of removing different parameter subsets on VLA performance without any fine-tuning, we establish a causal link between adaptation-induced divergence signals and functional contributions. Based on the discovered modular heterogeneities, we design a multi-module joint pruning scheme. Evaluations on the LIBERO benchmark demonstrate that our approach reduces the parameters of OpenVLA and $\pi_{0.5}$ by 12\%--30\% while maintaining approximately 90\% of the original performance without any post-pruning recovery. In contrast, existing parameter pruning criteria result in total performance collapse when evaluated under the same recovery-free constraints. Our study reveals the parameter evolution mechanism in VLA adaptation and provides a new path for deploying efficient, robust robotic policies in resource-constrained environments.
