形状適応・均一力分布・自己ロック機能を備えたハイブリッド剛軟ロボットグリッパ
Hybrid Rigid-Soft Robotic Gripper with Shape Adaptation, Uniform Force Distribution, and Self-Locking Capabilities
低コストの膜式空気圧アクチュエータと3Dプリント製ラチェット機構を組み合わせたハイブリッド剛軟グリッパを提案し、形状適応、均一な力分布、エネルギー不要の自己ロックを実現した。実験では最大4200gの把持能力と消費エネルギー50%削減を達成した。
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著者: Xi Chen, Yun Wang, Lichao Yang, Haitao Li, Ya Xiong
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Conventional robotic grippers face a significant challenge in agricultural automation: the trade-off between compliant, adaptive grasping, pressure balancing among all joints, and high load capacity, often at the cost of high energy consumption. This paper presents a novel hybrid rigid-soft gripper that integrated low-cost, membrane-based pneumatic actuators with 3D-printed dual ratchet-pawl mechanisms to simultaneously achieve shape adaptation, uniform force distribution, and energy-free self-locking. The dual-ratchet structure assembled in an offset configuration significantly increased the angular resolution of the joint locking mechanism. Key experimental results demonstrated the gripper's superior performance: a remarkable maximum load capacity of 4200 g, far exceeding that of conventional soft grippers (45-210 g); more uniform force distribution across object sizes (1.75-35.29% difference ratio) compared to a rigid gripper (56.77-66.44%), with peak contact forces remaining below surface damage thresholds; and a 50.05% reduction in total energy consumption to 42.6 J per grasp cycle, achieved by eliminating the need for continuous pneumatic pressure through the self-locking mechanism, compared to 85.28 J for a conventional soft gripper. The combination of additive manufacturing for ratchets and commercially available materials for pneumatic chambers ensured a low-cost and easily fabricated design. These findings validated that the proposed gripper successfully bridged the gap between soft compliance and rigid reliability, offering a robust and efficient solution for scalable agricultural harvesting and manipulation tasks.
