開放手術でのメス引き継ぎを実現するゼロショットsim-to-realロボット支援
SimRetract: Zero-Shot Sim-to-Real Robotic Assistance for Retractor Take-Over in Open Surgery
シミュレーションのデモのみで学習した方策により、開放手術で術者からメスを受け取り把持を維持するロボットアームを実現し、実環境へのゼロショット転移を達成した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
3. 技術・手法の肝は?
4. どうやって有効だと検証した?
5. 議論はある?
6. 次に読むべき論文は?
※ AIが要旨から生成した要約です。正確性は原文をご確認ください。
著者: Xucheng Wang, Zhizhou Yang, Sung Eun Kim, Romain Hardy, Michael P. Sampson, Aakash Reddy, Ankit Pal, Xiaoman Zhang, Luyang Luo, Pranav Rajpurkar
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
We demonstrate the first zero-shot sim-to-real transfer for a surgeon-robot collaboration task in open surgery: retractor take-over. A robot arm takes a retractor from the surgeon's hand and preserves retraction at handoff, using a policy trained only on simulated demonstrations, without human demonstrations or real-world fine-tuning. Imitation learning from real demonstrations is limited by collection and labeling costs, and by performance degradation when the environment changes. Our framework, SimRetract, generates simulated demonstrations designed for transfer: the policy observes masked instrument images and grasp geometry, learns to recover from off-nominal states, and acts with margin for execution drift. Deployed zero-shot, it grasps the retractor in 90% of 50 surgeon-defined phantom presentations and preserves retraction at handoff in 78%. Results on unseen retractors suggest potential for generalization to instruments with similar grasp geometry. Across ten policy configurations and 1,200 simulated and real trials, we localize the sim-to-real gap to components: in simulation, grasp rates across ablations span 80-96%, while on the real robot removing the instrument mask alone drops performance to 22% grasped and 12% held. Transfer-oriented design thus makes zero-shot sim-to-real transfer feasible for a surgical assistance task without human demonstrations. Code is available here: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/simretract-58D2.
