注入する場所が重要：LLMエージェントにおける信頼領域効果
Where You Inject Matters: The Trust Region Effect in LLM Agents
LLMエージェントは環境の場所ごとに暗黙の信頼度を変えており、同じ悪意ある指示でもREADME等に置くとコードファイルより2.6倍従いやすいことを3つのテストベッドで示した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの？
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい？
3. 技術・手法の肝は？
4. どうやって有効だと検証した？
5. 議論はある？
6. 次に読むべき論文は？
※ AIが要旨から生成した要約です。正確性は原文をご確認ください。
著者: Chengquan Guo, Xiaodong Liu, Weiwei Yang, Mingqian Feng, Jialin Song, Qiyao Ma, Carolyn Buractaon, Christopher White, Bo Li, Jianfeng Gao
分類: cs.AI, cs.CR, cs.LG
原文アブストラクト
LLM agents are increasingly adopted in long-horizon tasks and interact with diverse external environments. Despite their growing capabilities, these agents remain vulnerable to real-world attacks such as indirect prompt injections, which manipulate agents through malicious instructions embedded in external environments. While existing risk assessment work has primarily focused on the injection content, the effect of where an injection appears has not been systematically characterized. Studying injection placement requires agents to operate over longer-horizon tasks and interact with diverse environmental surfaces. Thus, we build three agentic testbeds spanning tool use, coding, and daily workflow domains with diverse injection surfaces. Holding the injection content fixed, we find that agent susceptibility varies across injection placements. We refer to this phenomenon as the trust region effect: agents implicitly assign different levels of trust to different regions of their environments. For example, an agent powered by GPT-5.4 follows an unsafe injection instruction placed in a repository documentation file (i.e., a README or TODO file) 2.6 times more often on average than the same instruction placed in a code or data file. Building upon this observation, we develop learning-based attackers that generate injection content and select better injection placements. Our approach demonstrates that both where an injection is placed and what content it contains can affect the strength of indirect prompt injection attacks. To the best of our knowledge, this work provides the first systematic characterization for the effectiveness of different injection placements, spanning both coarse-grained environmental surfaces and fine-grained positions. The uneven trust that agents implicitly place across their environments provides important insights for future attack and defense design.
関連論文
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