日和見LEO衛星を用いた証明可能な最適ドップラー測位
Certifiably Optimal Doppler Positioning using Opportunistic LEO Satellites
低軌道衛星のドップラーシフトを利用し、初期値不要で大域最適解を保証する凸緩和ベースの測位手法を提案した。
詳しい要約
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著者: Baoshan Song, Weisong Wen, Qi Zhang, Bing Xu, Li-Ta Hsu
分類: cs.RO, cs.SY, eess.SY
原文アブストラクト
To provide backup and augmentation to global navigation satellite system (GNSS), Doppler shift from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites can be employed as signals of opportunity (SOP) for position, navigation and timing (PNT). Since the Doppler positioning problem is non-convex, local searching methods may produce two types of estimates: a global optimum without notice or a local optimum given an inexact initial estimate. As exact initialization is unavailable in some unknown environments, a guaranteed global optimization method in no need of initialization becomes necessary. To achieve this goal, we propose a certifiably optimal LEO Doppler positioning method by utilizing convex optimization. In this paper, the certifiable positioning method is implemented through a graduated weight approximation (GWA) algorithm and semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation. To guarantee the optimality, we derive the necessary conditions for optimality in ideal noiseless cases and sufficient noise bounds conditions in noisy cases. Simulation and real tests are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. Specially, the real test using Iridium-NEXT satellites shows that the proposed method estimates an certifiably optimal solution with an 3D positioning error of 140 m without initial estimates while Gauss-Newton and Dog-Leg are trapped in local optima when the initial point is equal or larger than 1000 km away from the ground truth. Moreover, the certifiable estimation can also be used as initialization in local searching methods to lower down the 3D positioning error to 130 m.
