残差適応型コンサバティブMPPI制御
Residual-Conservative Model Predictive Path Integral Control
モデルと実機のずれ(残差)に応じて安全制約や探索温度をオンライン調整するサンプリングベースMPC手法を提案し、シミュレーションで安全性と成功率を向上させた。
詳しい要約
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著者: Hyung-Jin Yoon, Hunmin Kim
分類: eess.SY, cs.RO, cs.SY
原文アブストラクト
Sampling-based model predictive control methods handle nonlinear dynamics and complex cost landscapes through Monte Carlo rollouts, yet typically employ fixed constraint penalties that do not adapt to model-plant mismatch. This paper proposes Residual-Conservative Model Predictive Path Integral Control (RC-MPPI), a sampling-based MPC framework that modulates safety conservatism online using the prediction-execution residual. RC-MPPI combines three coupled mechanisms: residual-dependent constraint tightening, adaptive safety-cost shaping, and residual-adaptive sampling modulation through exploration contraction and temperature relaxation. The temperature adaptation reflects a key insight: when the model is inaccurate, rollout cost evaluations become unreliable, and increasing temperature reduces overcommitment to apparent cost rankings. Under Lipschitz dynamics and sub-Gaussian disturbances, we derive probabilistic bounds on constraint violation and show that the joint effect of the adaptive mechanisms reduces violation probability as the residual grows. A rollout-cost uncertainty analysis further shows that model-plant mismatch perturbs MPPI importance weights in proportion to residual magnitude and inversely with temperature, providing theoretical justification for residual-adaptive temperature relaxation. Simulations on an LTI point-mass system and a planar 2R manipulator show improved safety margin, success rate, and control efficiency compared with vanilla MPPI under significant model-plant mismatch.
