未知の乱流背景流におけるロボット魚の自己中心的な定点保持
Egocentric Station Holding of Robotic Fish in Unknown Turbulent Background Flow
乱流環境でロボット魚が目標位置に留まるための強化学習フレームワークSWiFTを提案し、シミュレーションと実機実験で有効性を実証した。
詳しい要約
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著者: Xiaozhu Lin, Xu Huang, Hongru Dai, Xiaopei Liu, Junzhi Yu, Yang Wang
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Approaching a target position and holding station in flowing water is a fundamental and critical capability for robotic fish operating in natural aquatic environments. Despite decades of advances in enhancing swimming efficiency and maneuverability, this capability remains underdeveloped, largely owing to the insufficiently characterized, highly nonlinear fluid-structure interactions inherent to freely swimming robotic fish in flows. To bridge this gap, we propose the SWiFT framework, a Swimming With Flow Toolbox that enables the efficient exploration of an egocentric station-holding policy for a body and/or caudal fin (BCF) robotic fish in unknown and turbulent background flows via reinforcement learning (RL). Our SWiFT integrates a free-swimming flow-tank experimental setup with a highly efficient, physically consistent computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulator and a systematic sim-to-real transfer pipeline. The resulting policy achieves substantial improvements over state-of-the-art methods across all metrics, most notably root-mean-square error (RMSE) of distance. Furthermore, we validated that egocentric feedback alone, without any explicit flow sensing, enables station-holding in unknown turbulent flows, closely mirroring the biological phenomenon of rheotaxis. Accordingly, the success of this egocentric station-holding policy not only advances robotic fish control toward real-world deployment, but also highlights SWiFT's promise as a foundation for tackling complex swimming tasks for underwater robots.
